Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚨馃嚘 Panama

Keel-billed toucan - the rainbow beak

A bird with a giant colourful beak almost as long as its body

A keel-billed toucan with a bright rainbow-coloured beak perched on a green branch

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The keel-billed toucan is a striking black-and-yellow bird with a huge curved beak painted in green, yellow, red and blue - like a tropical fruit salad. It lives in the rainforest canopies of Panama and across Central America. Even though its beak looks heavy, it is actually very light - almost like foam.

Tell me more

A toucan's enormous beak is one of nature's clever designs. It looks heavy but is mostly hollow, with thin walls of keratin (the same stuff your fingernails are made of). That means a toucan can fly with a beak almost as long as its body without getting tired.

The beak is also a great tool. The toucan uses it to reach fruit on thin branches that wouldn't hold its body weight. It picks the fruit, tosses it up in the air, and catches it in its mouth - like a bird-sized acrobat at lunchtime.

Toucans are very sociable. They live in small flocks of about six to twelve birds, and they call to each other with a sound that is more like a frog croak than a typical bird song. They sleep packed together in old woodpecker holes, often tucking their beaks under their wings to fit.

Because of their amazing colours, toucans appear on cards, posters and cereal boxes all over the world. But in Panama, you don't need a picture - you can sometimes just look out of your window and see one perched in a fruit tree, casual as anything.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a hollow beak be more useful than a heavy one?
  2. 02Toucans toss fruit into the air and catch it. What skills would you need to do that?
  3. 03Toucans are easy to recognise. Why do some animals stand out brightly while others are camouflaged?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a paper toucan beak - a cone of cardboard about the length of your forearm, painted with toucan colours. Try gently picking up small objects (like grapes or paper balls) with it. How tricky is it? Then ask: how does the real toucan make this look so easy?