Classroom lesson 路 Victoria Falls - the smoke that thunders馃嚳馃嚰 Zimbabwe

Victoria Falls - the smoke that thunders

One of the biggest waterfalls on Earth, with a mist you can see from 50 km away

The vast curtain of Victoria Falls with rising mist over the Zambezi River

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Victoria Falls is a giant waterfall on the Zambezi River, on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia. It is over 1.7 kilometres wide and 108 metres tall - one of the biggest curtains of falling water on Earth. The local Lozi people call it 'Mosi-oa-Tunya', which means 'the smoke that thunders'.

Tell me more

The Zambezi River flows quietly across a flat plain - and then suddenly disappears over an enormous cliff. The whole river drops at once. The water hits the bottom so hard that it explodes back upwards as a thick white mist. On a busy day, that mist can rise 400 metres into the sky and be seen from 50 kilometres away.

Because of the mist, a whole little rainforest grows on the opposite cliff. Even when the rest of the area is dry, the spray waters the trees there every single day. Monkeys, baboons, butterflies and bright birds live in this tiny patch of rainforest that only exists because of the falls.

Walking across the bridge in front of the falls is a wet experience. The spray flies sideways and upwards in every direction, so visitors put on raincoats - and they still get soaked. On sunny days, full circle rainbows hang in the mist. At full moon, you can sometimes see a 'moonbow' - a rainbow made by moonlight instead of sunlight.

Victoria Falls is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The river is shared by Zimbabwe and Zambia, and you can see different parts of the falls from each country. Most visitors agree that the Zimbabwean side gives you the widest, longest view of the whole curtain.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a place have two names - one in English (Victoria Falls) and one in a local language (Mosi-oa-Tunya)? Which one do you think tells you more about the place?
  2. 02A whole rainforest grows just because of the spray from the waterfall. What other plants or animals depend on something nearby to live?
  3. 03What words would you invent to describe the sound of a really huge waterfall?
Try this

Classroom activity

Find Victoria Falls on a world map. Trace the Zambezi River from its source to where it reaches the sea. List every country it touches. Then compare its width to Niagara Falls and Iguaz煤 Falls - which is widest, tallest and most powerful?