Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚳馃嚰 Zimbabwe

African elephants of Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe is home to the second-biggest elephant population in the world

An African elephant family walking through Hwange National Park

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

African elephants are the biggest land animals on Earth. An adult bull can weigh as much as six small cars. Zimbabwe has around 100,000 wild elephants - one of the biggest populations in any country, second only to Botswana next door.

Tell me more

Elephant families are led by the oldest female, called the matriarch. She remembers where the water holes are, which routes are safe and which other families are friendly. The whole family - mothers, aunties, sisters, cousins, calves - travels together. Adult males usually leave the family and roam either alone or in small bachelor groups.

An elephant's trunk is one of the most amazing tools in nature. It has around 40,000 muscles in it. Your whole body has just 600. Elephants use their trunks to pick up a single blade of grass, to spray themselves with mud, to greet each other with gentle touches and to make low rumbling sounds to talk across kilometres.

Zimbabwean elephants often cross between countries. The same herd might walk from Hwange in Zimbabwe into Botswana, across into Namibia, and back again - all in one journey. To help protect them, five countries (Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Angola) work together on a giant connected reserve called KAZA, the size of France.

Elephants can live to be 70 years old. Calves stay with their mothers for at least ten years - longer than most other animals. Mothers and aunties teach the young what to eat, how to find water and where to walk. Without that family learning, a young elephant would struggle to survive.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might it help an elephant family to be led by the oldest member?
  2. 02Five countries cooperate to protect the same elephants. Why might working together be better than each country acting alone?
  3. 03If you had a trunk with 40,000 muscles, what is the first thing you would do?
Try this

Classroom activity

Look up how much an adult African elephant weighs. Then look up how much an average family car weighs. How many cars does it take to balance one elephant? Now count how many of your classmates would need to step on the scale to make the same total.