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The American alligator

A living dinosaur cousin that hides in the swamps of the south-east

An American alligator resting on sand with grass nearby

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The American alligator is a large reptile that lives in the warm, wet south-eastern part of the United States - especially in Florida, Louisiana and Georgia. Alligators have been on Earth in some form for around 200 million years, which means they walked among the dinosaurs. Today's alligators look almost exactly like the alligators that lived millions of years ago.

Tell me more

Alligators live in slow rivers, lakes, marshes and swamps. They are amazing swimmers, pushing themselves through the water with their long, powerful tails. On land they look slow - but they can sprint short distances on land much faster than you'd expect.

A grown-up alligator can be over 4 metres long - about the length of a small car. They have around 80 teeth in their mouth at any time, and if they lose a tooth, a new one grows in to replace it. Over a lifetime an alligator can grow and lose thousands of teeth.

Baby alligators hatch from eggs. The mother builds a nest of leaves and grass, lays around 30 to 50 eggs, and stays close by to guard them. When the babies are about to hatch, they squeak from inside their shells, and the mother gently helps them out. She then carries the tiny babies, one by one, in her mouth to the water.

Alligators were nearly lost in the 1960s. Today, thanks to protection laws, there are over a million of them living wild again. In the Everglades National Park in Florida, you can see alligators sunning themselves on river banks and floating with just their eyes and nose above the water.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Alligators have hardly changed in millions of years. What does that tell us about being well suited to where you live?
  2. 02If you could grow new teeth whenever one fell out, what would change?
  3. 03Mother alligators carry their babies in their mouths. Can you think of other animals that carry their young in surprising ways?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a roll of paper, mark a line 4 metres long - the length of an adult alligator. Then mark a baby alligator next to it: about 20 cm. How many baby-lengths fit into one adult? Discuss how much they have to grow.

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