Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚫馃嚢 Slovakia

The brown bear of the Carpathians

Slovakia's biggest wild animal - and there are over 1,000 of them

A large brown bear walking through a forest clearing

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The brown bear is the biggest wild animal in Slovakia. Over 1,000 of them live in the forests of the Carpathian Mountains, mostly in the High and Low Tatras. A grown-up male bear can weigh more than 300 kilograms - heavier than four grown-up people - but most of the time he is very shy and hides from humans.

Tell me more

Slovak brown bears are big, but they are not always brown. Some are dark like chocolate, others are pale blonde, and a few even have a faint white V-shape across the chest. Their thick fur keeps them warm in the cold mountain winters.

Bears are not really meat-eaters most of the time. Around 75% of what they eat is plants - berries, roots, beech nuts, apples from old orchards. They also love honey and will tear apart a wild bees' nest to get it, despite all the stings. They will also eat ants, fish and the odd small animal.

In autumn, bears do something brilliant. They eat enormous amounts of food - up to 20,000 calories a day, which is ten times what a child eats - and store it as fat. Then they curl up in a den and sleep all winter. This long sleep is called 'hibernation', and during it the bear's heart slows right down. They wake up in spring, thinner but ready for a new year.

Slovak forests are large and quiet enough that bears do well there. The country protects them carefully - rangers track the bears, and signs tell hikers what to do if they meet one (stay calm, don't run, back away slowly). Most hikers never see a bear at all. The bears prefer it that way.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01If you had to eat enough food to sleep for five months, what would you choose?
  2. 02Why might it be helpful that a bear is shy of people?
  3. 03Most people picture bears as fierce. What do you think it would change to learn most of their meals are berries and nuts?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a piece of paper, draw a bear's autumn menu - all the things it might eat to fatten up for winter. Then draw a bear's spring menu, after waking up. Compare: how different are they?