Classroom lesson · The baobab - the upside-down tree · 🇸🇳 Senegal

The baobab - the upside-down tree

Senegal's national tree, with a trunk wider than a bus

A huge baobab tree with a thick trunk and bare branches like roots at the top

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The baobab is the national tree of Senegal. It is one of the most amazing trees on the planet - with a fat, round trunk wider than a bus, and short branches at the top that look like roots sticking up into the sky. Some baobabs are over 1,000 years old.

Tell me more

An old story says that the baobab once stood too proudly, so it was pulled up and pushed back into the ground upside-down. That's why the branches look like roots. The real reason is simpler: those short, twisty branches help the tree survive in dry places, where leaves would lose too much water in the heat.

The trunk is hollow inside, like a giant water bottle. A big baobab can store thousands of litres of water in its trunk - enough to keep the tree alive through a whole dry season. In some villages, people have hollowed out fallen baobabs and used them as small rooms, shops, or shelter from the rain.

Almost every part of the tree is useful. The leaves can be cooked into a sauce. The bark can be turned into rope. The big white flowers open at night and are pollinated by bats. And the fruit - a fuzzy, hard pod about the size of a coconut - holds a sour, tangy powder that tastes like lemon sweets and is full of vitamin C.

In Senegal, you'll see baobabs standing alone in fields, in school playgrounds, and right in the middle of villages. Children climb them to sit in the shade. Many baobabs in Senegal are protected by law because they are so important to the country.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might it be useful for a tree to store water inside its trunk?
  2. 02Some baobabs are 1,000 years old. What was the world like when they were saplings?
  3. 03If your school had its own tree, what kind would you want? What would you use it for?
Try this

Classroom activity

Find the biggest tree near your school. Measure round the trunk using string. Then look up the trunk of a big baobab (10-15 metres around!) and compare. How many of your tree would fit inside one baobab? Draw both side by side.