Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚨馃嚤 Poland

Wawel Castle and the dragon legend

The royal castle of Krak贸w - and the clever shoemaker who outsmarted a dragon

Wawel Royal Castle on a hill above the Vistula river in Krak贸w

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Wawel Castle stands on a hill above the river in Krak贸w, Poland's old capital. For hundreds of years it was the home of Polish kings. But the most famous story about Wawel is not about a king - it is about a dragon that once lived in a cave under the hill, and the clever young shoemaker who outsmarted it.

Tell me more

Wawel Castle is one of the oldest buildings in Poland. Bits of it were built nearly a thousand years ago. It has thick stone walls, golden-roofed towers, and rooms full of old paintings and tapestries. From the top you can see right across Krak贸w and along the curving river.

But ask any Polish child about Wawel, and they will tell you about the dragon. The legend goes like this: long ago, a fierce dragon lived in a cave at the foot of the castle hill. Every day it came out to gobble up sheep, and the people of Krak贸w were terrified. The king promised a huge reward to anyone who could get rid of it.

Many brave knights tried and failed. Then a young shoemaker called Skuba had an idea. He took a fat sheep, sewed it shut with sulphur and spices inside, and left it outside the dragon's cave. The dragon, never one to skip lunch, ate the sheep whole. Soon its tummy was burning. It rushed to the river and drank, and drank, and drank - so much that it puffed up like a balloon and burst!

Today there is a bronze statue of the Wawel Dragon by the river, right outside the real cave. Every few minutes it breathes a puff of real flames from its mouth, and crowds of children gather to watch. The story is one of the first that Polish children learn - it celebrates being clever rather than being the strongest.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01In the legend, a shoemaker beats a dragon by being clever. What does the story tell us about what counts as 'strong'?
  2. 02Lots of countries have dragon stories. Why do you think dragons appear in so many cultures around the world?
  3. 03If your town had a famous old legend, what would you want it to be about?
Try this

Classroom activity

In small groups, invent a brand-new dragon legend for your school. Where does the dragon live? What does it eat? And who in your class would be clever enough to outsmart it? Draw the dragon and write the story in five short scenes.