Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚨馃嚟 Philippines

Whale sharks - the gentle giants

The biggest fish in the world - and one of the kindest

A huge spotted whale shark gliding through bright blue water with small fish swimming below

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The whale shark is the biggest fish that lives in any ocean - bigger than a school bus. Filipinos call it the butanding. Despite the scary name 'shark', it has no interest in people at all. It glides slowly through warm water with its enormous mouth open, sieving in tiny plankton and small fish.

Tell me more

A grown-up whale shark can be 12 metres long. That's the length of three cars parked end-to-end, or as long as a classroom. Its mouth is about 1.5 metres wide - wide enough to swallow a small fridge, though it never would. It uses its giant mouth like a filter, scooping in seawater and trapping the tiny food inside.

Each whale shark has a unique pattern of pale spots and lines along its dark back, like a fingerprint. Scientists use these patterns to recognise individual whale sharks year after year. They give them names like Bubbles, or numbers like P-101 (the 101st one spotted in the Philippines).

Whale sharks visit Philippine waters every year. In a town called Donsol, in the south of Luzon, they gather just off the coast. Local people work as 'butanding interaction officers' - guides who take small boats out and let visitors snorkel calmly alongside the giants, following strict rules: no touching, no flash, and always keep a respectful distance.

Even though it has 'shark' in its name, the whale shark is so gentle that small fish hide under it for protection. Tiny remora fish even hitch a ride by attaching to its belly. Bigger predators leave them alone because the whale shark itself is too big to mess with.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Lots of huge animals - whale sharks, blue whales, elephants - eat very small food. Why might being huge work with small food?
  2. 02The 'sharks' in scary stories are nothing like the whale shark. How do you think misunderstandings about animals start?
  3. 03If you could swim alongside a whale shark, what would you want to know about it?
Try this

Classroom activity

Mark out 12 metres of string or chalk on the playground - the length of one whale shark. Stand in a row that long: how many pupils does it take? Then mark a school bus or a classroom door beside it and compare.

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