Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇲🇲 Myanmar

Irrawaddy dolphin - the river dolphin with a friendly smile

A rare, round-headed dolphin that lives in rivers as well as the sea

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Irrawaddy dolphin is a special dolphin that lives in some of Asia's biggest rivers - including, of course, the Irrawaddy itself. It has a round, blunt head instead of the long beak that most dolphins have, which makes it look like it is smiling. They are quite shy, and there are very few of them left.

Tell me more

Most dolphins live in the sea, but Irrawaddy dolphins can live in fresh river water and salty sea water. In Myanmar, they swim in a long stretch of the Irrawaddy river, far from any ocean. They eat fish, prawns and squid, and they breathe air through a single nostril (called a blowhole) on top of their heads.

Up the Irrawaddy, the dolphins do something remarkable - they work together with local fishermen. The fishermen tap the side of their boat in a special rhythm, and the dolphins herd shoals of fish toward the nets. After the catch, the fishermen leave some of the fish behind for the dolphins. People and dolphins have done this together for over a hundred years.

Irrawaddy dolphins are about 2-2.5 metres long - shorter than a bicycle. They are pale grey, sometimes almost blue in the right light. Unlike the dolphins you might see in cartoons, they don't leap high in the air. They prefer to slowly roll out of the water, take a breath, and slip back under.

There are very few Irrawaddy dolphins left in Myanmar - perhaps fewer than a hundred in the wild river. Local communities and scientists are working together to protect them, keeping the water clean and the rivers safe. Children who grow up along the river often spot them on their way to school.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Most dolphins live in the sea. What would have to be true for one to live in a river?
  2. 02How do you think a dolphin and a fisherman first learned to work together?
  3. 03If there are only a few of something left in the world, what can people do to help?
Try this

Classroom activity

As a class, design a poster to protect the Irrawaddy dolphin. Decide together what message you want people to know - and what one thing they could do. Display the posters in your classroom or hallway. Take photos and imagine sending them to a partner class along the river itself.