Classroom lesson 路 The Sahara dunes馃嚥馃嚘 Morocco

The Sahara dunes

Golden sand mountains that ripple all the way to the horizon

Tall golden sand dunes of Erg Chebbi in the Moroccan Sahara

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Sahara is the biggest hot desert on Earth, and the south-east corner of Morocco is one of the most beautiful places to see it. Here the wind has piled the sand into giant smooth hills called dunes. The two most famous sand-seas in Morocco are Erg Chebbi and Erg Chigaga.

Tell me more

A dune is a hill made of sand. The biggest in Erg Chebbi are around 150 metres tall - higher than a 40-storey building. The wind slowly shifts them around, so the desert is never quite the same shape from one year to the next.

The Sahara looks empty from a distance, but it is full of life. Tiny lizards skitter across the sand. Beetles drink the morning fog. Fennec foxes peek out of their burrows at sunset. Hardy grasses and thorny plants find a way to grow in places that look like nothing should.

Many families who live near the dunes belong to the Amazigh people (also called Berbers), who have called North Africa home for thousands of years. Some still live a nomadic life - moving with their goats, sheep and camels to wherever the grass is growing.

If you stand on top of a tall dune at sunset, the sand glows orange. Then the sky fills with stars - more stars than you can see anywhere with city lights. The Sahara is one of the best stargazing places on the planet.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How can it be boiling in the day but freezing at night in the same place?
  2. 02What would you take with you if you were going to spend one night in a sand desert?
  3. 03Why might it help an animal to come out at night in the desert instead of the day?
Try this

Classroom activity

Fill a tray with dry sand. With a hairdryer on low, blow gently across the surface. Watch ripples and little dunes form. Talk about how the same thing happens in the Sahara - just much, much bigger.