Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚤馃嚙 Lebanon

Rock hyrax - the elephant's tiny cousin

A small, furry rock-climber whose closest relative is the elephant

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The rock hyrax is a small, round, furry animal about the size of a large guinea pig. They live in groups on the rocky hillsides of Lebanon, basking in the sun and scampering between boulders. Their closest living relative is - surprisingly - the elephant.

Tell me more

It is hard to believe a hyrax and an elephant are cousins. One weighs 4 kilograms; the other weighs 6,000. But if you look at their teeth and toes, scientists can see they shared an ancestor millions of years ago. Hyraxes even have tiny tusks - just two little sticking-out front teeth, like a mini elephant.

Hyraxes are great climbers. The bottoms of their feet are spongy and slightly damp, almost like little suction cups, so they can grip steep rocks without slipping. You will see them scampering up sheer cliffs that no goat or human would dare try.

They live in colonies of up to 50. One adult always sits on a high lookout rock while the others feed. If a hawk, a fox or a hyena gets near, the lookout makes a loud whistle and the whole colony dives into cracks in the rocks. Less than a second later, the hillside is empty.

Hyraxes love sunshine. On a cool morning, you will often see them all sitting in the same direction, facing the sun like little furry solar panels. They warm up first, then start their day of nibbling leaves, herbs and the occasional wild fruit.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might small animals be safer in a group than alone?
  2. 02How can two animals that look so different (a hyrax and an elephant) be related?
  3. 03Some animals warm up in the sun before they start their day. What is your morning warm-up routine?
Try this

Classroom activity

Play 'lookout'. Get into groups of six. One person turns their back and acts as the lookout. The others crouch and 'feed'. If the lookout claps, everyone must freeze. Take turns. Discuss: what does the lookout's job teach you about teamwork?