Classroom lesson 路 Great Barrier Reef馃嚘馃嚭 Australia

The Great Barrier Reef

The biggest living thing on Earth - so huge you can see it from space

The Great Barrier Reef photographed from the International Space Station

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Great Barrier Reef is a giant chain of coral reefs off the north-east coast of Australia. It stretches for more than 2,300 kilometres - about the same as driving from London to the south of Italy. It is so enormous that astronauts can see it from space.

Tell me more

Coral might look like a colourful rock or plant, but it is actually made of tiny animals called polyps. Each polyp is no bigger than a grain of rice. Over thousands of years, millions of them build hard skeletons that join together into reefs. The whole Great Barrier Reef has been built by these tiny creatures.

The reef is home to about 1,500 different kinds of fish, six kinds of sea turtle, dolphins, manta rays, and even small reef sharks that mostly mind their own business. There are clownfish like Nemo from the film, and giant clams as big as a bath.

Coral needs warm, clean, sunny water to grow. The reef has dozens of bright colours: yellow staghorns, purple brains, soft pinks and bright oranges. Scientists who study the reef say swimming through it is a bit like flying through a giant underwater garden.

The Great Barrier Reef is so important that the whole world helps look after it. Reef rangers, scientists and local communities work together to keep the water clean and to plant new coral where some has been damaged. Many Australian schools 'adopt' a piece of reef to look after.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How can something made by tiny animals end up being visible from space?
  2. 02Why might warm, clean water matter so much to coral?
  3. 03If you could spend one day swimming on the reef, what would you most want to see?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a long strip of paper or whiteboard, draw the reef across the room. Mark the start near the top of Queensland and the end down past Brisbane. Now stick on labels for animals that live there - clownfish, manta ray, sea turtle, giant clam. How long is your reef in classroom-paces?