Classroom lesson 路 Food馃嚮馃嚦 Vietnam

Rice terraces of the north

Whole mountainsides turned into giant green staircases

Bright green rice terraces curving down a Vietnamese hillside in Sa Pa

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

In the mountains of northern Vietnam, farmers have shaped whole hillsides into giant green staircases. Each 'step' is a flat field full of water, and in each field grows rice. From above, the mountains look as if a careful giant has drawn lines around them with a finger.

Tell me more

Rice is a special plant. It grows best with its roots sitting in shallow water. So if you want to grow rice on a steep hill, you can't just plant seeds - the water would run straight down. Instead, farmers cut the hill into flat ledges, one above the other, with small walls of earth around each one to hold the water in.

Some terraces in Vietnam are hundreds of years old. They were built by families using simple wooden and metal tools, working together over many generations. The most famous ones are around Sa Pa and Mu Cang Chai, where the steps climb up the mountains like the rungs of a ladder.

Each season the terraces change colour. In spring they shine like mirrors when the fields are flooded with water. In summer they turn bright green as the rice grows. In autumn the rice turns gold, just before harvest. In winter, the empty fields rest until the next year.

Rice is Vietnam's most important crop. The country grows so much that it sends rice to families all over the world. The grains we cook in our homes from a packet might have started life on a hillside in Vietnam.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01If a hillside is too steep for crops, what choices does a farmer have? Why is making terraces such a clever solution?
  2. 02The terraces have been built and rebuilt over many generations. What does that tell us about how communities share work over time?
  3. 03Why might the terraces change colour with the seasons?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a tray of damp earth or play-dough, build your own 'hillside'. Try pouring water down the slope without terraces - it runs away. Now cut steps into the slope and try again. Discuss as a class: what other clever ideas have people invented to work with the shape of the land?