Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇨🇭 Switzerland

The Alpine marmot - the whistling guardian

A chubby ground-squirrel that whistles to warn its family

A plump Alpine marmot standing up on its hind legs in a meadow

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

If you walk in the high Swiss meadows in summer, you might suddenly hear a sharp, piercing whistle bouncing off the mountains. That is an Alpine marmot - a chubby, furry mountain animal a bit like a giant squirrel - warning its family that a hiker (you!) is on the way.

Tell me more

Marmots live together in family groups in burrows under the meadow. The burrows are like underground houses with several entrances, lots of tunnels and a cosy nest at the bottom. A family might have 10 or 12 marmots all sharing the same home.

One marmot is always on lookout. It stands up on its back legs, like a meerkat, and watches for eagles, foxes and people. When it sees danger, it whistles. The other marmots all dive into the nearest tunnel within seconds. Different kinds of whistle mean different things: one long blast means a danger on the ground (like a fox), a series of shorter whistles means danger from above (like an eagle).

Marmots are some of the deepest sleepers in nature. Every winter, the whole family curls up together at the bottom of their burrow and hibernates for around six months. During that time, their heart slows down to only a few beats a minute, their breathing nearly stops, and their body cools right down. They wake up in spring much thinner than when they went to sleep.

Baby marmots, called 'pups', are born underground in May. They stay in the burrow for the first few weeks of their lives. When they finally come out, they spend a lot of time play-fighting, rolling around on the grass and learning the family whistles.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Marmots take turns on lookout. What other animals (or people) take turns doing important jobs?
  2. 02Why might a single sharp whistle work better as a warning than a long sentence?
  3. 03If your body could hibernate for six months, what time of year would you choose to sleep through?
Try this

Classroom activity

Play a game of 'marmot lookout' in the playground. One child is the lookout marmot - everyone else is grazing in the meadow. When the lookout whistles, everyone has to freeze and run to a safe spot (the 'burrow'). Swap roles and try different whistles for different dangers.