Classroom lesson · Kalemegdan - the fortress in the city · 🇷🇸 Serbia

Kalemegdan - the fortress in the city

A 2,000-year-old fortress turned into a giant park

The stone walls of Kalemegdan Fortress overlooking the meeting of two rivers

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Kalemegdan is a huge stone fortress sitting on a hill in the middle of Belgrade, where the rivers Sava and Danube join. People have been building walls on this hill for over 2,000 years. Today it is a giant park where children play, families walk their dogs, and street performers entertain visitors.

Tell me more

The fortress is shaped like a long stone star, with thick walls, towers and stone gates. Inside, instead of soldiers, you find ice-cream sellers, chess players, a tiny zoo and a small dinosaur park. The grass between the walls is full of picnic blankets in summer.

From the top, you can see far across two rivers - and the city stretches in every other direction. Locals say it is the best place in Belgrade to watch a sunset. On a clear evening, the sky turns orange and pink behind the bridges.

Bits of the fortress come from many different times. Some stones are Roman, some are medieval, some are from the Ottoman period, and some were added by the Austrians. Like a layer cake of history, you can walk along walls built by builders thousands of years apart.

Children especially love the cannons. Old metal cannons are lined up along the walls, pointing out over the rivers. You can sit on them, but they haven't been fired in a very long time - they are just decorations now.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01What might it feel like to play in a park where the walls are 2,000 years old?
  2. 02Why might people from many different times all want to build on the same hill?
  3. 03If your school turned an old building into a park, what would you most want to keep, and what would you add?
Try this

Classroom activity

On A3 paper, design your own 'park inside a fortress'. Where would the playground go? The picnic area? The cannons? Label the parts and explain one rule you'd put up to keep the old walls safe.