Classroom lesson 路 The Quechua language馃嚨馃嚜 Peru

The Quechua language

The language of the Inca - still spoken by millions today

What is it?

Quechua is the language the Inca people spoke - and it didn't disappear when their empire ended. About 8-10 million people in Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Argentina still speak Quechua today. It's one of the most-spoken Indigenous languages in the Americas.

Tell me more

Quechua is full of soft sounds, with lots of vowels and rolling 'r's. Many Quechua words have already travelled into English. The word 'puma' is Quechua. So is 'condor', and 'llama', and 'quinoa', and even 'jerky' (from the Quechua word ch'arki - dried meat).

In Peru, lots of children grow up speaking two languages: Spanish at school, and Quechua at home with their grandparents. Many Quechua-speaking families live in mountain villages, where the language is passed on by listening, telling stories, and singing.

Quechua is also Peru's second official language, alongside Spanish, which means government documents and signs in many areas are written in both. There are radio stations that broadcast in Quechua, and TV news in Quechua, and even pop songs.

If you want to try a phrase, 'Allillanchu' (say it 'ah-lee-yan-choo') means 'hello' or 'how are you?'. The reply is 'Allillanmi' - 'I'm well'. The word 'sumaq' means 'beautiful' or 'tasty'. So sumaq papa is a tasty potato - and there are 4,000 kinds to choose from.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Lots of English words come from other languages. Can the class think of any?
  2. 02How might it feel to speak one language at home and another at school?
  3. 03Why might it matter to keep an old language alive, even if many people speak something else?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a class 'borrowed words' wall. Each pupil finds one English word that came from another language (e.g. pyjamas - from Persian/Urdu; tomato - from Nahuatl; safari - from Swahili; llama - from Quechua). Display them with arrows back to where they came from.