Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚥馃嚱 Mexico

The axolotl - the salamander that stays a baby

A smiling water creature that can regrow its legs, gills and even bits of its brain

A dark-spotted axolotl with feathery gills standing on the sand of a tank

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The axolotl is a small salamander that lives only in the lakes around Mexico City. It is famous for two things: it stays in its baby form its whole life, and it can regrow parts of its body. If it loses a leg, a tail, even part of its heart - it grows back. Scientists call it 'the Peter Pan of animals'.

Tell me more

Most salamanders are born in water with feathery gills, then later turn into a land animal that loses the gills and grows lungs. Axolotls don't do that. They keep their gills, keep their tail fin, and stay in the water their entire life. They look like little aquatic dragons with smiling mouths.

Their superpower is healing. Slice off a leg, and an axolotl can regrow a full new leg - bones, muscles, nerves, all of it - in a few months. They can regrow their tail, the front of their eyes, and even parts of their brain and heart. Scientists are studying them to learn how this works.

Wild axolotls come in dark, speckled colours - greys, greens and browns - which is what they look like in their home lakes. The bright pink ones with feathery white gills that you might see online are usually pet axolotls bred to look pretty. Both kinds are the same species.

Sadly, wild axolotls are very rare. The lakes where they live are mostly gone, and pollution makes life hard for them. Mexico is working to clean up and rebuild the canals of Xochimilco - the last wild axolotl home - so they can come back. The axolotl appears on Mexican coins and stamps.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01What might it be useful for, if humans could regrow body parts like an axolotl?
  2. 02Why might an animal evolve to stay in its baby form forever, instead of growing up?
  3. 03If a creature lives in only one lake, what does that mean for us and how we look after lakes?
Try this

Classroom activity

Each pupil draws an axolotl with their own colour and pattern - real ones come in greys, golds, pinks and whites. Then on the back, write one thing the axolotl could regrow and one thing you wish humans could. Compare ideas as a class.