Classroom lesson · Festival · 🇱🇾 Libya

Sabratha Amphitheatre

A stunning Roman theatre built right beside the sea

The three-storey stage wall of Sabratha's Roman theatre with the sea behind it

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Sabratha is an ancient city on the coast of Libya with one of the most beautiful Roman theatres in the world. The theatre's tall back wall - three storeys of carved stone columns - still stands today, with the sparkling Mediterranean Sea visible just behind it. It was built around 1,800 years ago.

Tell me more

Roman theatres were not like cinemas today. Actors performed on an open-air stage in daylight, wearing big masks to show different characters - happy faces or sad faces. The audience sat on curved stone seats going up in tiers, so everyone had a clear view of the stage below.

The back wall of Sabratha's theatre is what makes it so special. It is decorated with carved columns and niches (little alcove shelves) that once held statues. Standing in front of it, with the sea breeze behind you, it is easy to imagine the crowds who once filled those stone seats to watch plays and music performances.

Sabratha itself started out as a Phoenician trading post thousands of years ago, long before the Romans arrived. The Phoenicians were great sailors and merchants from what is now Lebanon. So the city has layers of history - Phoenician, then Roman, each adding to the story of the place.

Archaeologists have also found mosaics and statues at Sabratha. One of the finest mosaics shows figures dancing and performing - a fitting decoration for a city that loved its theatre.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Roman plays used masks instead of costumes for faces. What are the advantages and disadvantages of that compared to actors changing their own expressions?
  2. 02Sabratha has Phoenician and Roman history layered on top of each other. What different groups of people have lived in your town over the centuries?
  3. 03If you were going to perform a play in an open-air stone theatre, what story would you choose and why?
Try this

Classroom activity

Design two theatre masks - one for a happy character and one for a worried character. Cut them out of card, colour them, and attach a lollipop-stick handle. Use them to act out a short two-sentence story with a partner.