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The Indian cobra

The famous 'hooded' snake of India

An Indian cobra with its hood spread, rising up from a coiled body on rocky ground

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Indian cobra is a snake famous for the wide 'hood' it spreads behind its head when it feels worried. The hood is not actually a separate part of its body - it is made by the cobra flattening its ribs to make itself look bigger. It is a warning sign that says, very clearly: please give me space.

Tell me more

An Indian cobra is usually about 1 to 1.5 metres long - shorter than most adults are tall. They live across India in fields, forests, and even sometimes near villages. They feed mostly on rats and mice, which is actually very helpful: by eating rats, cobras help protect rice and grain stores.

Cobras don't want to bother people. If a cobra and a person meet on a path, the cobra will almost always slither away if it can. The hood comes out only when it cannot escape and feels cornered. The flat, open hood often shows a pattern on the back, a little like a pair of eyes - it makes the cobra look bigger and scarier from the front.

Snakes are an important part of nature. They eat smaller animals that would otherwise grow in big numbers. Without snakes, rat populations would explode, and farms would lose much more food. So even though cobras are dangerous to bother, they are extremely useful to leave alone in their habitat.

If anyone is bitten by a cobra in India, doctors have a medicine called 'antivenom' that can help. Antivenom is made by scientists who carefully collect a tiny bit of the snake's venom and use it to make a cure. The medicine is kept in hospitals across the country - just one of the clever ways humans and snakes share the same land.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might looking 'bigger' help a cobra without it actually doing anything?
  2. 02If snakes eat rats and rats eat grain, what happens to a farm with no snakes?
  3. 03Lots of animals have warning signals - colours, sounds or shapes. Can you think of others?
Try this

Classroom activity

Pair up. One pupil is an 'animal', the other is a 'visitor'. The animal has to invent a warning signal that means 'leave me alone' - no biting allowed, just a signal. Try posture, sounds, colours. Swap roles. Discuss: how many ways can animals say 'back off' without hurting anyone?