Classroom lesson 路 Diwali馃嚠馃嚦 India

Diwali - the festival of lights

Lights, fireworks and sweets across India in autumn

A beautiful rangoli pattern on the floor surrounded by small oil lamps (diyas) and flowers for Diwali

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Diwali is India's biggest and brightest festival. It usually happens in late October or November. The whole country lights up: little oil lamps line every doorstep, bright patterns decorate the floors, fireworks colour the sky and families gather to share sweets.

Tell me more

The word 'Diwali' comes from a phrase meaning 'a row of lights'. The little lamps people light are called 'diyas'. A diya is a small clay cup with oil and a cotton wick. When you place rows of them on your windowsills and along the path to your front door, your whole house seems to glow.

On the floor by the door, many families make beautiful patterns called 'rangoli'. They use coloured powder, rice, flower petals or sand. The patterns are often circles and flower shapes, in bright colours - pinks, oranges, greens, yellows. They are made fresh for the festival and brushed away afterwards.

Diwali is a time for sharing. Families clean their houses from top to bottom, put on new clothes, and visit their neighbours with boxes of sweets. The sweets are a big deal: little fudgy squares called barfi, syrupy spirals called jalebi, and round milk balls called gulab jamun. Most children get pocket money or small gifts.

After dark, fireworks light up the sky in every town and village across India. It is one of the most-fireworked nights in the world. Many cities now also have light shows and lantern displays to celebrate. Diwali is celebrated by people in many cultures, and you can find Diwali events in cities all around the world.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might it feel special to celebrate by lighting up your whole street?
  2. 02What's a celebration in your family or community that involves lights, food and visiting people?
  3. 03Why do you think people make beautiful patterns and then brush them away?
Try this

Classroom activity

Each pupil designs a paper diya (a small cardboard or paper cup, decorated). Make a class rangoli together using coloured chalk on the playground, or coloured paper on a big sheet. Each pupil adds one section. Discuss: how does it feel to make something beautiful together?