Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚝馃嚠 Finland

Reindeer of Lapland

There are about as many reindeer as people in northern Finland

A reindeer with magnificent antlers walking through a grassy birch forest in northern Scandinavia

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

In Lapland - the very north of Finland - there are about 200,000 reindeer. They wander freely through forests, mountains and even across roads. They are looked after by the Sami people, who are Finland's Indigenous community and have herded reindeer here for thousands of years.

Tell me more

A reindeer looks like a deer with very fluffy fur and wide, branching antlers. Both male and female reindeer grow antlers - reindeer are the only deer where this happens. Their hooves spread wide when they walk on snow, like built-in snowshoes, so they don't sink in even in the deepest drifts.

Reindeer in Finland are not kept in fields. They roam freely across huge areas. The Sami herders know each animal in their family's herd - some by name, some by patterns and ear notches. Once or twice a year, the whole herd is rounded up by snowmobile and helicopter, just so the herders can check on them.

Reindeer have an amazing party trick: their eyes change colour with the seasons. In summer, when daylight lasts almost all night, their eyes are golden. In winter, when the sun barely rises, their eyes turn deep blue. The change helps them see better in the long, dark Arctic winter.

On country roads in Lapland, drivers have to be careful: a reindeer might step out of the trees at any moment. Road signs with a reindeer silhouette warn drivers. There is also a free phone app called 'Porokello' (Reindeer Bell) where drivers can report a reindeer sighting, so other drivers know to slow down.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might it help a reindeer's eyes to change colour between summer and winter?
  2. 02Sami families follow their reindeer across huge areas. What would it be like to move with the seasons instead of staying in one place?
  3. 03Lots of children imagine reindeer pulling Santa's sleigh. What would your sleigh look like, and what would pull it?
Try this

Classroom activity

Map Lapland on a world map. Mark Rovaniemi at the Arctic Circle. Now mark how far north Lapland reaches, compared to where you live. How much further north would you have to travel from your school to reach reindeer country?