Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇩🇰 Denmark

Common seals - Denmark's coastal neighbours

Lounging on sandbanks all around the Danish coast

A common seal lying on a sandbank on the Danish coast

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Denmark is a country of islands and coastline - more than 7,000 kilometres of it. Along the shores live around 20,000 common seals, also called harbour seals. They are sea mammals - warm-blooded animals that breathe air, just like us - but they live mostly in the sea, hauling themselves out onto sandbanks to nap in the sun.

Tell me more

Common seals are speckled, with a small round head and big dark eyes. Grown-ups are about 1.5 metres long. They have a thick layer of fat called 'blubber' under their skin to keep them warm in the cold Danish sea. They can dive for up to half an hour without taking a breath.

Seals are brilliant swimmers but clumsy on land. On a beach they hump along like a furry caterpillar. They prefer to rest on small sandbanks that appear when the tide goes out, where they can flop down and snooze in safety. From a distance, a sandbank full of seals looks like a row of grey sausages.

Seals talk to each other with little grunts, snorts and barks. Mum seals know their babies by voice alone. A baby seal - called a pup - is born on the sand and can swim almost straight away. The pup stays with mum for about a month, drinking her very fatty milk, before learning to catch its own fish.

Seals eat fish, octopus and small crabs. They have amazing whiskers - so sensitive that a seal can find a fish in the dark just by feeling the tiny ripples it makes in the water. Sometimes a seal will follow a boat to see if there are any easy fish to be had.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might seals nap on sandbanks instead of in the sea?
  2. 02If you could feel tiny ripples in the water with your whiskers, what would you use them for?
  3. 03Seals are great in the water but slow on land. What other animals are amazing in one place but not in another?
Try this

Classroom activity

Find Denmark on a map. Notice how long its coastline is, with lots of islands. Estimate how many sandbanks there might be along it. Then sketch a sandbank scene - how many seals can you fit on yours?