Classroom lesson 路 Music馃嚚馃嚪 Costa Rica

Marimba - Costa Rica's national instrument

A giant wooden xylophone played by several people at once

Two musicians playing a wooden marimba together

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

A marimba is a big wooden musical instrument, a bit like a giant xylophone. It has rows of wooden bars that you hit with soft mallets to make notes. Each bar plays a different note. The marimba is the national instrument of Costa Rica and the sound that says 'home' to many people there.

Tell me more

A traditional marimba can be over two metres long. The wooden bars sit above hollow tubes called resonators, which make the sound louder and richer. The biggest bars on the left make low, deep notes. The smallest bars on the right make bright, high notes - like a piano laid flat.

It usually takes three or four people to play a Costa Rican marimba together. One person plays the high notes, one the middle, one the bass on the left end. They have to listen carefully to each other and keep time. It is a team sport as much as a musical one.

The wood is special. The best marimba bars are made from a tree called rosewood, which gives a warm, ringing sound. The wood is left to dry for years before a maker carves and tunes each bar by hand. Tuning is done by shaving tiny slivers off the underside until the note sounds exactly right.

Marimba music is played at almost every Costa Rican celebration: birthdays, weddings, town fiestas, school parties. There is even a national Marimba Day. Children sometimes learn to play it in school music lessons - starting with two mallets and a simple tune.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How is playing music together different from playing music alone?
  2. 02What is the 'sound of home' for you - the music or noises you always hear in your country?
  3. 03If you had to tune a wooden bar by shaving wood off it, what would you find difficult?
Try this

Classroom activity

Group rhythm: each pupil claps a steady beat at a different speed (one slow, one medium, one fast). Try to layer them together like a marimba band. Listen - does it sound like music?