Classroom lesson 路 The Sundarbans馃嚙馃嚛 Bangladesh

The Sundarbans

The world's largest mangrove forest, where trees grow in the sea

A small boat drifting through the misty waterways of the Sundarbans mangrove forest

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Sundarbans is a giant forest in the south of Bangladesh where the rivers meet the sea. The trees - called mangroves - grow with their roots in salty water. It is the biggest mangrove forest in the world, and it is so important that the United Nations has marked it as a place the whole planet needs to look after.

Tell me more

Mangrove trees are very special. Most trees would die if you planted them in salty water, but mangroves have learned how. Some of their roots stick up out of the mud like little snorkels, helping the tree breathe at low tide. Other roots squeeze the salt out of the water before it reaches the leaves.

The forest is enormous - around 10,000 square kilometres, which is bigger than some whole countries. About 60% of the Sundarbans is in Bangladesh; the rest is over the border in India. To get around, people travel by boat through the maze of waterways.

Every kind of animal lives in this watery forest. Bengal tigers, spotted deer, crocodiles, monkeys, kingfishers and hundreds of kinds of fish all share the same trees and rivers. The Ganges river dolphin even swims here. Many of these animals are found in only a few places on Earth.

The Sundarbans also protects Bangladesh. When big storms blow in from the Bay of Bengal, the tangled mangrove roots slow the wind and the waves down, so the towns inland stay safer. The forest is sometimes called Bangladesh's natural shield.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How might a tree learn to live in salty water? What other animals or plants live somewhere most others couldn't?
  2. 02Why would a forest of tangled roots protect the land behind it from a big storm?
  3. 03If you had to travel to school through the Sundarbans, what would your journey look like?
Try this

Classroom activity

On A3, draw the Sundarbans as a cross-section: water at the bottom, mud, snorkel-roots, tangled trunks, leafy canopy. Label one animal that lives at each level. As a class, work out how many football pitches would fit in 10,000 km虏.