Classroom lesson · Food · 🇿🇲 Zambia

Ifisashi - greens cooked in peanut sauce

A nutty, green stew that is one of Zambia's most loved relishes

A bowl of dark green ifisashi made with leafy greens and groundnut sauce

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Ifisashi is a Zambian stew made by cooking leafy green vegetables in a creamy peanut sauce. It is one of the most popular 'relishes' eaten alongside nshima. The peanuts make it rich and slightly sweet, and the greens make it healthy and bright.

Tell me more

The first step is to grind raw peanuts (also called groundnuts) into a paste. In a traditional kitchen this is done with a stone mortar and pestle. Today, many cooks use a blender or shop-bought peanut paste. Then you cook the greens with onion, tomato and a splash of water, and stir in the peanut paste at the end.

Lots of different greens can be used. Pumpkin leaves, sweet-potato leaves, cassava leaves and rape (a kind of green like kale) are all popular. Each gives a slightly different taste and colour. A clever cook picks whichever greens are fresh and in season - which is one of the reasons ifisashi tastes so different from one family's kitchen to another's.

Peanuts grow underneath the ground (not on trees), which is why they are also called 'groundnuts'. Zambia grows a lot of them, mostly in the eastern provinces. Many families have a small patch of groundnuts in their garden, and children sometimes help pull them up out of the dry earth at harvest time.

Ifisashi shows how good plant food can be. The peanut sauce gives protein. The greens give vitamins. The whole bowl is filling, tasty and made entirely from things that grow on a farm. It is a perfect example of clever cooking with what the land provides.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Peanuts grow under the ground. What other foods grow in unexpected places?
  2. 02Some recipes use 'whatever is fresh today'. Why might cooks like to change recipes with the seasons?
  3. 03Lots of cultures combine greens with nuts or seeds (think pesto with pine nuts). Why might that be?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a simple peanut-and-greens dip in class (only if no one has nut allergies - check with a teacher first). Blend a spoon of peanut butter, a splash of water and some salt. Dip in a vegetable. Now imagine that, but warmer and over a plate of nshima. That's ifisashi.