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The grey seal

The whiskery sea-dog of British coasts

A grey seal mother nose-to-nose with her white fluffy pup on a sandy British beach

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Grey seals are large, friendly-looking sea mammals that live around the coast of Britain. They have huge dark eyes, long whiskers like a cat's, and can grow over 2 metres long. About 40% of all grey seals on Earth live around the UK - the British coast is one of the most important seal homes in the world.

Tell me more

A grey seal can hold its breath for over 30 minutes underwater. Its body is full of clever design tricks: a thick layer of fat (called 'blubber') keeps it warm in icy seas, and special flippers turn into perfect paddles. On land, seals shuffle awkwardly - in the sea, they are graceful like a torpedo.

Seals are mammals, like us. They breathe air, give birth to live young, and feed their babies milk. Baby grey seals are born in autumn, on quiet sandy beaches. They are pure white and fluffy and are called 'pups'. The pups stay on the beach for around three weeks, drinking their mother's very rich milk, before they get their adult coat and head into the sea.

Their whiskers are not just for show. Seals use them like underwater fingers - they can feel the tiny ripples a fish makes in the water several metres away, even in the dark. That is how they hunt. They eat mostly fish, sometimes squid and crabs.

Famous places to spot grey seals in the UK include Blakeney Point in Norfolk (where there are thousands of pups every autumn), the Farne Islands off Northumberland, and Donna Nook in Lincolnshire. Visitors must stay back behind ropes so the seal mums and pups aren't disturbed.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Seals are quick in the water but slow on land. Can you think of any animal that is the opposite - quick on land but slow in water?
  2. 02Why might it help a seal to have such long whiskers?
  3. 03If you went to a beach where seal mums and pups were resting, what rules would you follow to keep them safe?
Try this

Classroom activity

On the playground, mark out 2.2 metres with chalk. That's how long an adult grey seal can grow. Lie down end-to-end in a line - how many of you does it take to match one seal? Then mark 30 minutes on a stopwatch - that's how long a seal can hold its breath. Try (carefully!) to hold yours for 30 seconds.

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