Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇺🇦 Ukraine

European bison - the giant of the forest

Europe's heaviest land animal, brought back from near-extinction

A large brown European bison standing in a snowy Ukrainian forest

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The European bison is the largest land animal in Europe. An adult male can weigh up to 900 kilograms - heavier than a small car - and stand nearly two metres tall at the shoulder. They live in the deep forests of Ukraine, Poland, Belarus and a few other European countries.

Tell me more

European bison look a lot like the American bison (sometimes called buffalo) that live on the prairies of the United States. They are cousins. But the European kind has a smaller head, a shaggier neck and prefers forests to open grasslands. They like to munch grass, leaves, bark and berries.

About a hundred years ago, European bison nearly disappeared completely. There were only a handful left, all in zoos. People worked very hard to bring them back. The bison's keepers carefully bred a new herd from those few animals and slowly returned them to the wild. Today, there are several thousand bison roaming European forests again.

In Ukraine, European bison live in big forest reserves where they wander freely. They live in family groups of 10 to 20 animals, led by an older female. Adult males often live alone except in summer when they join the herd. A baby bison can stand and walk within hours of being born.

Despite their size, bison can move surprisingly fast. They can run at around 50 km/h - faster than most humans can sprint - and can jump over fences nearly two metres tall. People who work with them say they are gentle if you leave them alone, but you definitely don't want to startle one.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How might it feel for scientists to bring an animal back from almost disappearing? Why might it matter?
  2. 02Bison live in family groups led by an older female. Can you think of other animals where the females are in charge?
  3. 03An animal that big lives in a forest where it can't always see far. How might its other senses (hearing, smell) help it stay safe?
Try this

Classroom activity

Mark out 2 metres on the floor (the height of a bison's shoulder) and 3 metres (its length). Try to imagine an animal that big squeezed between two desks. Then look up other large land animals and rank them by weight: elephant, hippo, bison, moose, horse. Where does the bison fit?