Classroom lesson · The source of the Nile · 🇺🇬 Uganda

The source of the Nile

Where the world's longest river begins its 6,650 km journey

Water rushing out of Lake Victoria at the start of the Nile in Jinja, Uganda

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Nile is the longest river in the world. It is 6,650 kilometres long - that is longer than the distance from London to New York. The river begins right here in Uganda, where it flows out of Lake Victoria near the town of Jinja and starts a journey that will take it all the way across Africa to the Mediterranean Sea.

Tell me more

For hundreds of years, explorers from all over the world wondered: where exactly does the Nile begin? In 1858, a British explorer named John Hanning Speke arrived at the northern shore of Lake Victoria and worked out the answer. The water that becomes the Nile starts inside this huge lake.

From Jinja, the river travels north through Uganda, then through South Sudan, then through Sudan, and finally through Egypt - flowing past pyramids that are thousands of years old. After 6,650 kilometres it pours into the Mediterranean Sea near the city of Alexandria. A single raindrop falling into Lake Victoria might take three months to reach the sea.

Near the source, the river is wide and lively, full of birds and small fishing boats. A few kilometres downstream, it crashes down a series of rocks called the Bujagali rapids. Beyond that, it becomes calm again and winds slowly north between green hills.

Uganda has built a small park at the exact spot in Jinja where the Nile leaves the lake. Visitors can stand on a viewing platform and look at the place where, depending on how you think about it, the world's longest river either ends a lake or begins a river. Either way, it is one of the most famous spots in all of Africa.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might people have spent hundreds of years trying to find where one river started?
  2. 02The Nile passes through several countries on its way to the sea. What might it feel like to live on the same river as people thousands of kilometres away?
  3. 03If you could put a message in a bottle into the Nile at Jinja, who might find it three months later?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a world map, draw the path of the Nile from Uganda to Egypt. List every country it flows through. Then measure the distance from your school to the next biggest city. How many of those journeys would equal the full length of the Nile?