Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚜馃嚫 Spain

Brown bears of the Cantabrian mountains

Yes - Spain has wild bears, in the misty green north

A brown bear walking through a sunlit European forest

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

When people think of Spain they often think of sunshine and beaches, so the idea of wild bears can be a surprise. But in the green misty mountains of northern Spain - the Cantabrian range and the Pyrenees - around 400 brown bears live wild. They are the same kind of brown bear as in Canada, Russia and Scandinavia.

Tell me more

Brown bears are big. A male can weigh 200 kilograms or more - heavier than three average adults. They stand on all fours most of the time, but can stand up on their back legs when they want a better look at something. From standing, an adult brown bear can be taller than your teacher.

Spanish brown bears mostly eat plants. About three-quarters of their diet is berries, nuts, roots, mushrooms and grass. The rest is the occasional insect, fish, or scrap they find. They are not really the meat-eating monsters of bedtime stories - they are big curious creatures who would rather pick blueberries than chase anyone.

In autumn, brown bears go on a giant eating mission. They have to put on enough fat to last through winter, when food is scarce. Then they curl up in a den - a cave, a hollow tree, or under a log - and sleep for several months. Inside the den, mother bears often have one or two cubs. The cubs come out in spring, when the flowers are blooming and there is food again.

Brown bears almost disappeared from Spain in the 20th century, with only around 50 left in the 1990s. Like the lynx, they have made a comeback because people worked hard to protect their forests. Today there are about 400 in the Cantabrian mountains and a smaller group in the Pyrenees.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a bear sleep through the winter? What would happen to a bear that didn't?
  2. 02Bears in stories are usually scary, but real bears mostly eat berries. Why do you think the stories don't match?
  3. 03What do you imagine a bear's den looks like inside?
Try this

Classroom activity

Pretend you are a bear getting ready for hibernation. List all the things you'd need to do in autumn, then draw the perfect den. What would you bring? How would you keep warm? Compare dens as a class.