Classroom lesson · The Loma Mountains · 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone

The Loma Mountains

Home to Sierra Leone's highest peak and misty cloud forests

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Loma Mountains rise up in the north of Sierra Leone, topped by Bintimani - the highest peak in West Africa west of Mount Cameroon. The upper slopes are covered in cool, misty cloud forest, very different from the hot lowland jungle below, and home to plants and animals found almost nowhere else.

Tell me more

Bintimani (also known as Loma Mansa) stands at 1,945 metres - more than one and a half kilometres above sea level. Near the top, the air is cool and fresh, and clouds often wrap around the rocky peaks like a scarf. From the summit on a clear day, you can see for enormous distances across Sierra Leone.

The cloud forest that blankets the upper Loma Mountains is a special kind of habitat. The constant mist means the trees, mosses and ferns stay soaking wet even when it has not rained. Strange and beautiful plants grow here that you would not find in the lowlands. Chimpanzees and forest duikers (small antelopes) roam through the misty trees.

The Loma Mountains Forest Reserve was created to protect this precious ecosystem. Local communities have traditionally regarded the mountains as a place of great importance, and their knowledge of the plants and paths has helped scientists understand the area. Climbing Bintimani is a real adventure that rewards walkers with spectacular views.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might the plants and animals at the top of a mountain be completely different from those at the bottom?
  2. 02Cloud forests stay permanently wet from mist. How do you think plants have adapted to growing in those conditions?
  3. 03Local communities have known the Loma Mountains for generations. Why is their knowledge valuable to scientists?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a cross-section of the Loma Mountains from the hot lowlands to the misty summit. Show how the vegetation changes as you go higher - draw different plants and animals at each level and label the temperature roughly at each zone.