Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇷🇴 Romania

The Danube Delta

Europe's biggest wetland - 300 kinds of bird in one place

Reeds and waterways of the Danube Delta with a pelican flying

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Danube is one of Europe's biggest rivers. When it reaches Romania and finally meets the Black Sea, it spreads out into a giant maze of reeds, lakes and tiny islands. This maze is the Danube Delta - the second-largest river delta in Europe, and a paradise for birds.

Tell me more

A delta is the fan-shaped area where a river splits into lots of smaller streams just before reaching the sea. The Danube has been making its delta for thousands of years, dropping mud and sand wherever it slows down. The delta is still growing today, by about 40 metres a year.

Around 300 different kinds of bird live in the Danube Delta or stop here on their long journeys between Europe and Africa. Great white pelicans, with wingspans wider than a tall adult, glide across the lakes. Glossy ibises, herons, egrets, kingfishers, swans and cormorants all share the water.

There are no roads in most of the delta. People who live there travel by boat through narrow channels lined with tall reeds. Fishing families have lived in small villages on the islands for hundreds of years. Many of them speak both Romanian and a language called Ukrainian, because the delta is right on the border.

The delta is so important that the United Nations has called it a World Heritage Site - somewhere that matters to the whole planet, not just to one country. Visitors can quietly paddle through the reeds in flat-bottomed boats and feel like they're somewhere out of a fairy tale.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might so many birds choose the same wetland to stop in on their journey?
  2. 02What would change about life if there were no roads near you and you had to use a boat instead?
  3. 03Why might a place that is still growing - getting bigger every year - be special to scientists?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a bird's-eye view of a delta. Start with a single thick river at the top of the page. Make it split into smaller and smaller streams as it heads down, like the branches of a tree. Add reeds, lakes and one tiny fishing village on an island. Pick three birds from the lesson to add to the scene.