Classroom lesson 路 Food馃嚥馃嚲 Malaysia

Roti canai - the flying flatbread

A buttery, flaky pancake-bread, stretched in the air before cooking

A flaky golden roti canai on a plate next to a small bowl of curry dipping sauce

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Roti canai is a flaky, buttery flatbread that came to Malaysia from southern India long ago and became a Malaysian favourite. The 'roti man' makes them right in front of you, throwing a soft ball of dough into the air and stretching it into a giant, see-through sheet before folding it up and frying it. It is a kind of show.

Tell me more

The dough is made of flour, water, salt and a special ingredient called ghee - clarified butter. It is mixed and then rested for hours, so it becomes silky and stretchy. When the roti man takes a ball of it, he can throw it into the air and stretch it out wider than a dinner plate, until you can almost see through it.

Then comes the clever bit. The roti man folds the giant thin sheet over and over, like folding a paper fan, trapping pockets of butter between every layer. The folded dough is squished into a small square and dropped onto a hot griddle, where the butter melts inside and turns each fold into a crispy layer. The finished roti is golden brown, crunchy outside, soft and stretchy inside.

Roti canai is most often eaten for breakfast or supper. It is served with little bowls of curry sauce - usually a thin yellow dhal (lentil curry) or a spicy red fish or chicken curry - and you tear off pieces of roti with your fingers and dip them. Some people sprinkle sugar on top for a sweet version.

There are funny variations. Roti telur has an egg cracked into the dough. Roti pisang has slices of banana inside. Roti tisu is stretched so thin and crisp it is shaped into a giant cone the size of a wizard's hat, taller than a small child. Restaurants compete to make the tallest roti tisu.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might folding the dough lots of times make it crispier when it cooks?
  2. 02Have you ever eaten with your hands? Why do some foods just feel better that way?
  3. 03If you invented a new 'roti', what would you put inside?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make 'paper roti'. Each pupil takes a square of paper, folds it in half, then half again, then half again - tracking how many layers it has each time. Discuss: how many folds does it take to get 16 layers? 64? Then design what your 'flavour' would be on top: sweet, savoury, both?