Classroom lesson 路 Rafflesia - the world's biggest flower馃嚥馃嚲 Malaysia

Rafflesia - the world's biggest flower

Up to a metre across, and it smells of old socks

A huge red rafflesia flower on the rainforest floor in Borneo, dotted with white spots

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Rafflesia is the world's biggest single flower. The biggest ones grow on the floor of Malaysia's rainforests and can measure a whole metre across - about as wide as a car tyre. They are bright red with white spots and look like something from another planet.

Tell me more

Rafflesia doesn't have leaves, doesn't have a stem, and doesn't have roots. The whole plant is just one enormous flower. For most of its life it lives hidden inside the roots of another rainforest vine, like a secret passenger, sneakily taking food from its host. Only when it is ready to bloom does it suddenly pop a fat brown bud through the bark, like a giant cabbage.

It takes the bud about nine months to grow - the same time as a human baby. Then, over just a few days, it slowly unfolds into a huge red flower. The bloom only lasts about five days before it goes black and dies. So if you spot one in flower, you are very lucky.

Here is the cheekiest bit: the flower smells of rotting meat. Children who have smelled it say it's like old socks left in a wet bag, mixed with last week's bin. There's a clever reason. The smell attracts flies, who think they have found a dead animal. They crawl all over the flower looking for somewhere to lay eggs, and as they do, they carry pollen from flower to flower.

Rangers in Malaysia's rainforests keep a careful eye out for new buds and tell visitors when one is about to open. People travel from all over the world to see one in bloom. Just don't stand downwind.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a flower 'want' to smell horrible? What's it trying to attract?
  2. 02It takes 9 months to grow and only 5 days to flower. What other things in nature take a long time to prepare for a short moment?
  3. 03If you could invent a brand-new flower, what would it look like, smell like, and who would it attract?
Try this

Classroom activity

Mark a 1-metre circle on the playground floor with chalk - that's a rafflesia. Stand inside it. How many of your classmates can crouch inside one giant flower? Now design your own 'monster flower' on paper - draw it life-size if you can, and label its size, smell, and the creature that pollinates it.