Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚥馃嚲 Malaysia

Orangutans - the people of the forest

Our gentle red-haired cousins, found wild only on Borneo and Sumatra

A red-haired Bornean orangutan sitting in a tree, looking thoughtfully at the camera

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Orangutans are great apes - close cousins of humans. Wild ones live in only two places on Earth: the rainforests of Borneo (shared by Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei) and Sumatra. Their name comes from two Malay words - 'orang' (person) and 'hutan' (forest). So orangutan means 'person of the forest'.

Tell me more

Orangutans share around 97% of their DNA with humans. That means if you compared the tiny instruction book inside an orangutan cell with the one inside yours, 97 out of every 100 pages would match. You can see it in their faces - their eyes, lips and worried-looking eyebrows feel surprisingly familiar.

Orangutans spend almost their whole lives in the treetops. Their arms are much longer than their legs - a male's arms stretched out can measure over 2 metres, longer than he is tall. They use those long arms to swing from branch to branch, and every night they build a fresh nest of leaves high up in a tree to sleep in.

Baby orangutans stay with their mum for around seven years - longer than almost any other animal except humans. In that time, mum teaches her baby which fruits are safe, how to peel a tricky thorny one called the durian, how to use a stick to dig out tasty grubs, and even how to hold a big leaf over their head as an umbrella when it rains.

In Malaysian Borneo, special rainforest centres called Sepilok and Semenggoh look after baby orangutans who have got into trouble. The carers teach them how to climb, find food, and slowly become wild again. Schoolchildren from across Malaysia visit these centres to learn how to share the forest with their forest cousins.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Orangutans share 97% of their DNA with us. What does that tell us about humans and animals?
  2. 02Baby orangutans stay with their mum for seven years. What do you think they learn in that time?
  3. 03Orangutans use leaves as umbrellas. What other animals do you know that use 'tools'?
Try this

Classroom activity

Imagine you have to teach a baby orangutan three things you know about your school playground or local park. Draw and label your three lessons - which plant to avoid, which tool to use, which place is the safest to nap.