Classroom lesson 路 Food馃嚥馃嚲 Malaysia

Nasi lemak - Malaysia's national breakfast

Coconut rice with a runny egg, peanuts, cucumber and a spicy sauce

A plate of nasi lemak with coconut rice in the centre, surrounded by egg, peanuts, anchovies, cucumber and red sambal sauce

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Nasi lemak is Malaysia's most-loved dish. The name means 'rich rice' in Malay - because the rice is cooked in creamy coconut milk with a pandan leaf for fragrance. It is served with a fried egg, crunchy peanuts, tiny crispy anchovies (called ikan bilis), slices of cool cucumber, and a spoonful of sweet-spicy sambal sauce.

Tell me more

Nasi lemak is often eaten for breakfast, but lots of people eat it for lunch and dinner too. Across Malaysia, you can find it at roadside stalls, in fancy restaurants, in school canteens, and even from sellers walking through bus stations with bundled-up portions to go.

A 'classic' nasi lemak is wrapped up like a present. The rice and toppings are tipped onto a banana leaf, which is then folded into a triangle and tied with string. You unwrap it on your lap, and the banana leaf has given the rice a fresh green smell. The whole package is small enough to fit in a pocket.

Each part of the dish has a job. The coconut rice is creamy and soft. The fried egg is rich and runny. The peanuts and tiny anchovies are crunchy and salty. The cucumber is cool and watery. And the sambal - made from chilli, garlic, dried shrimp and a little sugar - is sweet, sharp and just a bit spicy. Each bite gets all of them at once.

There are loads of variations. Nasi lemak with fried chicken is called nasi lemak ayam. Nasi lemak with a beef-curry called rendang is called nasi lemak rendang. Some families add a piece of grilled fish. Some go totally vegetarian. Every kitchen has its own recipe - and Malaysians will argue happily for hours about whose mother makes the best.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01What does your family eat for breakfast? Is it sweet, savoury, or both?
  2. 02Nasi lemak has five different things on one plate. Why might that mix work so well?
  3. 03Why might wrapping food in a banana leaf be cleverer than using a plastic bag?
Try this

Classroom activity

On a paper plate, draw and label your perfect 'class nasi lemak'. Put coconut rice in the middle. Around the edge, draw the five toppings: egg, peanuts, crispy fish or seeds, sliced fruit or veg, and one spicy or saucy thing. Compare plates with your neighbour.