Classroom lesson 路 Eiffel Tower馃嚝馃嚪 France

The Eiffel Tower

Paris's iron giant, almost torn down after 20 years

The Eiffel Tower seen from the Champ de Mars in Paris

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Eiffel Tower is a giant iron tower in the middle of Paris. It is 330 metres tall - about as high as an 80-storey building - and was finished in 1889. It is one of the most recognised buildings on the planet.

Tell me more

When the Eiffel Tower was first built, lots of people in Paris hated it. They thought it looked like a giant ugly piece of scaffolding stuck in the middle of their beautiful city. It was only meant to stand for 20 years and then be taken down again.

It was saved because it turned out to be brilliant for sending radio signals - the tower's height made it perfect as a giant antenna. By the time the 20 years were up, no one wanted to take it down any more. Today, around 7 million people visit it every year.

The tower is made of 18,000 pieces of iron held together by 2.5 million rivets - little metal bolts. It was put together in just two years by 300 workers, which was very fast for such a big building back then. The whole thing weighs around 10,100 tonnes.

On a hot day, the tower actually grows. The iron expands in the heat, so the top can lean as much as 18 centimetres over to one side - about the length of a pencil. When it cools down at night, it shrinks back. The tower is also repainted every seven years, by hand, with around 60 tonnes of paint.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Lots of Parisians thought the tower was ugly at first. Can you think of something that wasn't popular when it was new but everyone loves now?
  2. 02The tower was saved because it was useful for radio. How does something becoming useful change the way people feel about it?
  3. 03How could a metal tower 'grow' in the heat? What does that tell us about how materials behave?
Try this

Classroom activity

Build the tallest free-standing structure you can in groups, using only spaghetti and marshmallows (or paper straws and tape). Measure your towers. How many of them stacked up would match the Eiffel Tower's 330 metres?