Classroom lesson 路 Food馃嚘馃嚳 Azerbaijan

Pakhlava - layers of nuts and honey

A diamond-shaped sweet made for Novruz spring festival

A tray of golden diamond-shaped Azerbaijani pakhlava sweets with nuts on top

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Pakhlava (also spelled baklava) is a sweet pastry made of paper-thin layers of dough, with chopped walnuts or hazelnuts and sugar in between, all soaked in honey or sugar syrup. The pastry is cut into little diamond shapes - never squares! - and each diamond is topped with a half-walnut. Pakhlava is the special sweet of Novruz, the Azerbaijani New Year in spring.

Tell me more

The dough is made into very thin sheets - about ten to fifteen layers stacked one on top of another, with sweetened ground nuts between each layer. When the cook is finally ready, the whole tray is cut into a beautiful diamond pattern. Once it has baked golden, hot syrup is poured over the top so it can soak deep into every layer.

Azerbaijani pakhlava is decorated with care. Each diamond has a half-walnut placed on top, and the surface is sometimes brushed with bright orange-yellow saffron water so the pastry shines. The trays are arranged like jewellery boxes.

Many parts of the Middle East and Mediterranean have their own baklava. The Azerbaijani version is special because it is shaped into diamonds, has a fresh, fragrant filling of walnuts or hazelnuts, and turns up most importantly on the Novruz holiday tray.

On Novruz, families lay out a special tray called the 'khoncha' - covered with sweets, fruits, sprouted wheat and dyed eggs. Pakhlava sits proudly in the middle. Children offer pieces to visitors, and visitors compliment the cook. By the end of Novruz week, the tray has been refilled many times.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a special sweet only be made for one festival of the year?
  2. 02Lots of cultures have a 'celebration sweet'. What is yours? Why is it special?
  3. 03Why might a cook choose to make a food look beautiful, not just taste good?
Try this

Classroom activity

Give each pupil a piece of paper. Draw a tray of pakhlava: at least 12 diamonds in neat rows, with a half-walnut on each. Decorate the tray. Then design your own 'celebration sweet' for a holiday you'd invent - what shape, what filling, what would it be called?