Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚘馃嚜 United Arab Emirates

The Arabian camel - the desert traveller

One-humped, gentle, and built to walk where nothing else can

An Arabian camel standing in the dunes

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Arabian camel - also called the dromedary - has one hump on its back, and is the kind of camel you'll see across the UAE. For thousands of years, families crossed the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula on camels. They called them 'ships of the desert', because, like ships, they could carry people and cargo for huge distances.

Tell me more

The hump is not full of water, as many people think. It is full of fat. When food gets scarce, the camel's body slowly uses up that fat, like a packed lunch saved for later. A well-fed camel has a tall, firm hump. A camel that has been working hard has a smaller, floppier one.

Camels are full of clever adaptations. Their long eyelashes keep sand out of their eyes. Their nostrils can close like little doors during sandstorms. Their feet are wide and soft, like padded slippers, so they spread their weight on top of the sand instead of sinking. And they can drink up to 100 litres of water in one go - about a whole bathtub.

Camel milk is creamy and slightly salty, and is a traditional food across the UAE. People drink it fresh, freeze it into ice cream, and even use it in chocolate. Some camels are kept for racing, some for milk, and some are part of family traditions stretching back many generations.

Camels are gentle most of the time, but they have a famous habit of spitting - really, throwing up a bit of their stomach contents - when they feel really annoyed. They can also hum, snort and make a deep rumbling noise from their throat that sounds a bit like a creaky door.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a desert animal evolve to store fat instead of water?
  2. 02What other animals can you think of with bodies built for one special place?
  3. 03If you were going to design an animal for your local environment, what features would it have?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a camel and label four of its desert features. Then draw an imaginary animal designed for the playground at your school - what features would help it survive break time?