Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇲🇼 Malawi

African Fish Eagle

Malawi's national bird - famous for its thrilling cry over the lake

An African fish eagle perched on a branch above Lake Malawi, its white head gleaming in the sun

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The African fish eagle is Malawi's national bird and one of the most recognisable birds in all of Africa. Its loud, ringing call - thrown back over the water with wings spread wide - is so iconic that many people call it 'the voice of Africa'. It soars above Lake Malawi and the Shire River, hunting for fish with astonishing skill.

Tell me more

Fish eagles have a striking pattern: a white head and chest, chestnut-brown body and jet-black wings. Their eyesight is extraordinary - they can spot a fish moving just below the water's surface from 25 metres up in the air. Once they lock on to a target, they dive feet-first at high speed and snatch the fish out of the water with their curved, hooked talons.

The call of the fish eagle is one of nature's most famous sounds. The bird throws its head back and lets out a long, loud, ringing 'kow-kow-kow' cry. Malawian fishermen hear this sound every morning as they paddle out on the lake, and it has become part of the soundtrack of daily life across the country.

Fish eagles are loyal partners - a pair will often return to the same nest, called an eyrie, year after year, adding new sticks and branches each time until the nest becomes enormous. The same nest can be used for decades. Both parents take turns keeping the eggs warm and feeding the chicks.

In Malawi the fish eagle appears on the national flag and coat of arms. It represents freedom, strength and the country's deep connection to its lake and rivers. Children across Malawi learn to recognise its call from a very young age.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a country choose a bird as its national symbol? What qualities might they want it to represent?
  2. 02Fish eagles dive feet-first to catch fish. How is their body specially built for this kind of hunting?
  3. 03If you were designing a national symbol for your school or town, what animal or object would you choose and why?
Try this

Classroom activity

Look up the national birds of three different African countries. Draw each one and label the key features that help it survive in its habitat. Share your findings with the class.