Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇯🇲 Jamaica

West Indian Manatee

The gentle giant of Jamaica's coastal waters

A large, grey West Indian manatee floating peacefully near the surface of warm, clear water

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The West Indian manatee is a large, gentle mammal that lives in warm, shallow coastal waters around Jamaica. Manatees are sometimes called 'sea cows' because they graze slowly on sea grasses all day long, just like cows grazing on a field - only underwater. They are one of the most peaceful large animals in the sea.

Tell me more

Manatees are enormous - adults weigh between 400 and 600 kilograms and can be up to 4 metres long. Despite their size, they are completely harmless. They have no teeth designed for meat; their big, flat teeth are only for grinding up sea grass.

Manatees breathe air just like we do and must come to the surface every few minutes to take a breath. They often float just below the surface with their nostrils poking out - if you are in a boat and look carefully, you might spot the two tiny nostrils breaking the water.

A manatee can eat a tenth of its own body weight in sea grass every single day. This grazing actually helps keep sea grass beds healthy, a bit like how mowing a lawn keeps it tidy. Healthy sea grass beds are important homes for fish, crabs and sea horses.

Manatees are related to elephants - scientists believe they share a common ancestor from millions of years ago. If you look at a manatee's flipper very closely, you can even see tiny fingernails, just like an elephant's toes.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Manatees and elephants are related even though they look so different. What other animals surprise you by being related to each other?
  2. 02Manatees graze on sea grass and keep it healthy. Can you think of other animals that help keep their habitat healthy just by eating?
  3. 03Manatees move very slowly. Why might moving slowly actually be a good survival strategy for some animals?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a Venn diagram comparing manatees and elephants. In the middle, list things they have in common (mammal, breathes air, plant eater, fingernails/toenails). On each side, list what makes each animal unique. Share your diagram and discuss: what surprises you most?